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PLoS ONE 15(4):Įditor: Obul Reddy Bandapalli, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), GERMANY (2020) Dyslipidemia at diagnosis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, the latter should be interpreted with caution due to low number in the groups.Ĭitation: Mogensen PR, Grell K, Schmiegelow K, Overgaard UM, Wolthers BO, Mogensen SS, et al. In conclusion, dyslipidemic changes were present prior to ALL-therapy in children with ALL but did not seem to affect dysmetabolic traits during therapy and were not predictive of on-therapy toxicities apart from an association between dyscholesterolemia at time of ALL-diagnosis and risk of thromboembolism. The cumulative incidence of thromboembolism was increased both for patients with hypo- (20.0%) and hypercholesterolemia (16.7%) compared to patients with normal TC levels (2.2%) at diagnosis (P = 0.0074). Lipid levels and BMI were not associated to MRD after induction therapy However, BMI and hypercholesterolemia were associated with worse risk group stratification (P<0.045 for all). Increased TG and TC levels at ALL-diagnosis were not associated with any on-therapy lipid levels. Five percent of patients had mild hypercholesterolemia, 14% had mild hypocholesterolemia, 13% had decreased and 1% elevated LDL-levels. Hypertriglyceridemia was not associated with body mass index (P = 0.71). Dyslipidemia was identified at ALL-diagnosis in 99% of the patients, dominated by reduced HDL levels (98%) and mild hypertriglyceridemia (61%). We included 127 children (1.0–17.9 years) all treated according to the NOPHO ALL2008 protocol. In a single center study, we measured triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high (HDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) levels at diagnosis and assessed the association with BMI, early therapy response, on-therapy hyperlipidemia and the toxicities thromboembolism, osteonecrosis and pancreatitis. Cardio-metabolic dysfunction is a challenge during and after childhood ALL therapy. As survival of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) exceeds 90%, limiting therapy-related toxicity has become a key challenge.